North Africa, Ruins of Volubilis,19th Century

North Africa, Ruins of Volubilis,19th Century

Volubilis was a Berber city in Morocco situated near the city of Meknes, and commonly considered as the ancient capital of the kingdom of Mauretania. The ruins remained substantially intact until they were devastated by an earthquake in the mid-18th century and subsequently looted by Moroccan rulers seeking stone for building Meknes. It was not until the latter part of the 19th century that the site was definitively identified as that of the ancient city of Volubilis. During and after the period of French rule over Morocco, about half of the site was excavated, revealing many fine mosaics, and some of the more prominent public buildings and high-status houses were restored or reconstructed. In 1879-80 Oskar Lenz led the first trans-Sahara expedition from Morocco to Senegal and became the fourth European to visit the fabled city of Timbuktu. The others being, Alexander Gordon Laing (1826), René Caillié (1828) and Heinrich Barth (1853). Timbuktu; Travel through Morocco, the Sahara and Sudan by Oskar Lenz, 1884.

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