Caption:
Harriet Tubman, her husband Nelson Davis, and their adopted daughter Gertie, c. 1887. Tubman stands on the left holding a pan. Harriet Tubman (1822-1913) was an American abolitionist and political activist. Born a slave in Maryland, Tubman escaped to Philadelphia, then immediately returned to Maryland to rescue her family. She made some 13 missions to rescue about 70 people, family and friends, using the Underground Railroad. Tubman met the abolitionist John Brown in 1858, and helped him plan and recruit supporters for the raid on Harpers Ferry. When the Civil War began, Tubman worked for the Union Army, first as a cook and nurse, and then as an armed scout and spy. The first woman to lead an armed expedition in the war, she guided the raid at Combahee Ferry, which liberated more than 700 slaves. Photograph by William Haight Cheney.