Franz Karl Achard (April 28, 1753 - April 20, 1821) was a German chemist, geoscientist, physicist, and biologist. His principal discovery was the production of sugar from sugar beets. With Achard's discovery, sugar was no longer a luxury product, but local production became a necessity, due to the embargoes by Napoleon. Achard studied many subjects, including meteorology, evaporation chillness, electricity, telegraphy, gravity, lightning arresters, and published in German and French. For his discoveries in the acclimatization of tobacco to Germany, the king granted him a lifetime pension of 500 taler. (cropped and cleaned)