James Lind (1716-1794), Scottish physician who developed the theory that citrus fruits could cure scurvy. He argued for the health benefits of better ventilation aboard naval ships, the improved cleanliness of sailors' bodies, clothing and bedding, and below-deck fumigation with sulphur and arsenic. He also proposed that fresh water could be obtained by distilling sea water. Stipple engraving by J. Wright after Sir G. Chalmers, 1783.