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POPE PAUL III (29 February 1468-10 November 1549), Alessandro Farnese, born in Rome, elected in 1534. Created cardinal by Alexander VI in 1493, only 25 years old, between 1500 and 1509 he had a relationship that he gave four illegitimate children, then legitimized. In 1538 he excommunicated Henry VIII, determining the division of the Church of England; he approved the order of the Capuchins in 1536 and that of the Jesuits in 1540; organized the Roman Inquisition and the Holy Office; he summoned the council of Trent in 1545 to try to save the fracture provoked in the Christian-Catholic world by the Protestant Reformation. He commissioned the frescoes in the Sistine Chapel to Michelangelo. Engraving by Ant. Daleò based on a drawing by Metalli, from a painting by Tiziano Vecellio, Italy 1546