Man lifting female child up by the neck. Originally, the term orthopedics meant the correcting of musculoskeletal deformities in children. Nicolas Andry de Bois-Regard (1658 - May 13, 1742) a French professor at the University of Paris coined the term in the first textbook written on the subject, Orthopédie, in 1741. He advocated the use of exercise, manipulation and splinting to treat deformities in children. Though the book was read and cited extensively in the period, its main lasting influence in medicine has been its title, which became the name of the field devoted to skeletal and related injuries and ailments. Illustration by James Hullet, 1743.